next leap year will bring the hard tests Ukrainian institutions and the armed forces …
next leap year will bring the hard tests Ukrainian institutions and the armed forces. Higher education will be left without the freshmen, and the army - without soldiers. For what it's all - is unknown.
The Ministry is doing all it can to new books lay on the desk every ninth-, - said in mid-August, the Deputy Minister of Education and Science of Ukraine Pavlo Polyansky.
According to him, this year the situation with the provision of school books, actually better than in the past. In addition, the first paragraphs of all the manuals are available on the official website of the Ministry of Education and Science (MES) and in professional education journals. Thus, schools can begin training even if the printer does not have time to print textbooks for the first of September.
tense situation arises with the printing of textbooks every year. Last but not least is associated with transition to a twelve-year secondary education: today's tenth receive eleven-year education, and ninth-learning is already on a new, twelve-year program, so last year's textbooks they do not fit. In 2008, the Ministry had barely time to the beginning of the school year to provide textbooks for the eighth grade, even a year earlier - for the seventh. But the difficulty with textbooks - only the upper part of the iceberg of problems that arise in the education system and society in 2012.
in 2010 students enrolled on a twelve-year program, go to the tenth grade. Since then, the transition to dvenadtsatiletku will be impossible to cancel without significant damage to the school curriculum. Remains in power less than a year in order to re-examine the feasibility of reform.
Ten or twelve
Jump to twelve-year secondary education system decided nine years ago - along with the transition to dvenadtsatiballnuyu rating system of knowledge. But if the twelve scores instead of the five have become accustomed, the discussion regarding the advisability of a twelve-year secondary education in the Ukrainian society continues. Supporters dvenadtsatiletki refer to the European experience and argue that Ukrainian children in schools are overloaded. For ten years they have received the same amount of knowledge, like their European peers to twelve, and in some countries - and for fourteen years. In addition, according to advocates of reform, seventeen graduates of schools is difficult to determine the future profession, and an additional year will give them the opportunity to become stronger on his feet, to feel more confident.
Opponents say that the majority of school teachers unprepared to teach adult uncles and aunts. Some fellow eighteen start a family. At this age, they are embarrassed to walk with a knapsack to school and sit at a desk. I can understand them, - says the chairman of the parliamentary Committee on National Security and Defense Anatoliy Gritsenko. He cites the example of high school, which school to graduation time to acquire a second child. Of course, the education system needs reform: to introduce new teaching methods and advanced technology in schools that meet modern requirements, and not to introduce twelve-year secondary education, - convinced Gritsenko.
Restore ten-year period of study in high school Viktor Yushchenko promised in his election program Ten Steps for the People, but after the election of forgot about it.
The Ministry of Education and Science, result in another argument for the transition: an additional class will allow the secondary education system to minimize the consequences of demographic hole because the work will add to teachers who find themselves unemployed.
fact is that in the late 80's the birth rate in Ukraine has started to decrease rapidly and the number of first-graders, beginning in 1995, is also declining. If in 1996 there were seven million students (hereinafter - Goskomstat), in the last academic year there were only 4,5 million. Every year in Ukrainian schools account for about 350-380 thousand first-graders - this is two times less than 14 years ago. If at the time of the ninth grade to tenth transferred about half of the pupils, and those who are poorly studied, was expelled, but now the teachers often ask children to stay for another two years. Currently, only a quarter of pupils leaving school without having completed secondary education.
detailed study of the demographic situation suggests untimeliness of this reform and the economy. Until recently, the annual representatives of pensioners grew's small generation born during the Second World War. But seven years ago to retire began to leave the women to be born after 1947, but with the year before - and men of the postwar generation. This means that the load on the pension fund each year will rapidly increase. In 2012, nearly 700 thousand inhabitants of the country to retire. A youth, who could replace them, would wipe his pants in the twelfth grade.
Universities without students
Saving
secondary education on population issues, the Ministry does not know what to do with higher education, for which the demographic gap is widening. If this year's graduates odinnadtsatiletku 400 thousand students (about 72% of the total number of first-graders who began teaching in 1998), the 2015-th the average number of graduates will not exceed 270 thousand people.
But most painful for institutions will be in 2012. Mass production in the schools will not, universities will have to rely on a few vocational schools and schools working on pilot programs, as well as those who will come on the second or third year. It is expected that in this way be typed about 50 thousand graduates.
interviewed by the expert leaders of the universities could not explain what would make their schools in such circumstances. Some presidents looked forward to the abolition of the twelve-year education, others - rely on the assistance of the Ministry. We think the State knows what to do. Set is because the years 2010-2012 demographic gap greatly enhance, - said Vice-Rector of Donetsk National University, Alexander Maznev.
most prestigious universities and academies are confident that no students will not go. I think we type freshmen without any problems. But for many institutions it will be a heavy blow - convinced the president of the National University Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (NaUKMA) Sergey quits.
A powerful shock to the university can become a possible reform of the army. Now much of the boys trying to enter college in order to get a deferment from military service, or even avoid conscription. Go to dvenadtsatiletku if the reason logically, should make haste to reform the army. After all, if in the next two years, the Armed Forces of Ukraine will not become professional, then in 2012 they will be left without soldiers, as potential recruits will learn in the twelfth grade.
Employees
MON talk about possible reductions in higher education institutions in the third. Given that in our country's 881 high school, this measure seems justified. According to Sergei Quito, the number of schools can be reduced even more, but the main goal - not just the reduction and the creation of internationally competitive universities that are present in world university rankings.
is sufficient for 30 universities (we now have 353 university with the third and fourth level of accreditation), in which the training should be just as prestigious, as in similar western structures, says quits. It is imperative that students and teachers were active in scientific activities, then universities will have significant scientific achievements. Such institutions in Ukraine can not be too much, - says President NaUKMA. Thus the reform of higher education should not be a formality, as happened with many other reforms in education.
tests failed
One of these reforms - independent testing of graduates. Instead examinations graduates must pass the tests and their results are credited (or not recorded) in the institutions. This year, the universities even prohibited conduct independent examinations, except those that require special skills, such as the ability to draw for architects and designers. On the whole testing system is working properly: leaks of information about the content of the tests was not, most of the questions drawn up correctly and to determine the level of knowledge of students. That's just not reached the main task of introducing the tests - the eradication of corruption in entering colleges. For freshmen this year were not best students, and often phony invalids and orphans. Facilities when entering universities also benefit victims of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident, children killed policemen, soldiers and miners, as well as rural youth.
wide publicity received history Vinnichanka Natalia Ermakova, which two subjects received a sum of 394 points out of 400 possible and was unable to go to Kiev National University (KNU) im. Taras Shevchenko, where all the budget places on the specialty philology occupied recipients. According to the KNU vice-rector Vladimir Bugrova, the university this year received 2,5 thousand of budget, one third of which - recipients. In some specialties the number of applicants applying for non-competitive admission exceeds the number of seats: 28 beneficiaries claimed 15 budget places on specialty tourism, 40 non-competitive applications were filed for 25 seats of state orders for specialty business economics.
Ermakova able to go to Kiev-Mohyla Academy. When this year's press conference, I warned that all information about benefits will check the SBU, half of the beneficiaries took away documents, - says Sergey quits. Cancel benefit the ministry can not: be a decision of parliament and government. Insists on maintaining thebenefits the country's president Viktor Yushchenko. Access to higher education for children from large families, orphans, the disabled - is properly and fairly, - convinced the president.
loopholes for corruption remained and within universities. One of them is connected with the refusal of entrants from entering due to the fact that they enrolled in another university (applicants can apply at several universities). Institutions to rank applicants based on the results of testing and enrolled those who fell in the upper part of this rating. If one of them fails, the institution can enroll at any of the bottom of the rankings. A number of such failures in many high schools exceeded half the number of budget places.
Another negative aspect of testing the organization noted lecturer Vinnytsia physico-mathematical school № 17 Yury Pasihov: Children six months before the test abandoned his studies and began to prepare for tests. You may need to conduct tests at a later time, or adjust the curriculum.
Many questions surround the quality of the test. For example, one of the test questions on the history of Ukraine was: What is the basis of economic development of Kievan Rus'? The correct answer was given only eight percent of graduates. But not because the students poorly studied, but because it contained the drafters of the test response is incorrect: in their view, our ancestors had specialized in agriculture and steel.
Indeed, the inhabitants of Kievan Rus manufactured iron objects. That's only possible to smelt iron in those days called metallurgy? Dictionary gives two definitions of the word metals: industrial production of metals and the science of the industrial production of metals. Obviously, a thousand years ago the industry did not exist, as well as relevant scientific discipline.
Meanwhile, the introduction of testing, despite the shortcomings - a significant step in reforming education. But its initiator, the Ministry of Education and Science, by introducing and debugging testing procedure seems to have forgotten the main thing. For the purpose of testing - to provide an opportunity to receive higher education the most talented children.
With the transition to twelve-year education system develops a similar picture. No one remembers, for any purpose, nine years ago decided to move. No one seriously attempts to calculate what the consequences for high school, army, economy and society will lead. And the main thing - go to dvenadtsatiletku does not answer the question of what the system aims to be at our education in general.
Excellence - Grants
Oleg Sharov, Vice-Chancellor of the University CRIC:
- I sincerely want to go to twelve-year secondary education was not a formality, and qualitatively improve the system of secondary education. But no one is no answer to such questions: whether the graduates have a wide range of knowledge, whether they will be better prepared for learning in high school or work? There is a misunderstanding of his father, why should the children to school, one additional year. The lack of graduates in 2012 will be a serious challenge for Ukrainian universities, including for our university.
In my opinion, this year's testing system worked better than in the past. In the first place because all parties involved in the testing of teachers know their roles and are well represented, what they should do.
Our system of financing higher education is extremely outdated and in need of reform. I welcome the scheme, when a citizen of test results received a grant or soft loan from the state and can only spend it on financing their education.
Testing is no alternative
Eugene Medresh, director of the school Home (Kharkov):
- testing as a technology test students' knowledge there is no alternative. Final examinations in schools and the admission in institutions is high time it was abolished. In my opinion, the testing center must be independent even from the Ministry of Education and Science and report directly to the Cabinet of Ministers. This would allow the results of tests to judge the effectiveness of the education system and contribute to the development of the system itself.
introduction of standardized independent testing - a movement in the right direction. The most important thing that has stood the test of time logistics of testing: there was no leakage variants of the test tasks and responses to them, as well as special instructors for selected applicants. Yes, and conditions for students, the attitude towards them in the testing process should be more respectful. And then we, as usual, a way of discrediting the very idea.
But the most dangerous for the system of testing - if it will make all-out, ignoring the realities and needs of schools, universities and society. System testing can be equally as effective tool for the modernization of education, and a stone on his neck.
Impact on Higher Education
Igor Mendzebrovsky, director of the company ITera Consulting Group Ukraine, Vice-President of Association of IT-Ukraine to work with universities:
- now institutions train specialists for the software industry, taking into account market demands and being with us in constant contact. And we see and understand what is happening in universities and the consequences of this reform. In 2012, universities will not come with new students, there will be lessons, decrease the salary of teachers (it depends on the number of academic hours and on the number of students on contract). Because of this, many universities will not be able to retain staff, that some institutions be disastrous. I do not exclude that this will lead to the destruction of the higher education system.
additional year in school - the additional costs and direct losses to the economy of Ukraine. Some of the forty years of active work experience citizen falls one year, and this reduction of workers to 2,5%. I think this reform was initiated by people who are trying to impose the American system of secondary education, but she's worse than Ukrainian. Employees of the education system and schools, forced to implement this reform, do not understand what sense of it.
Instead of imposing
dvenadtsatiletki to consistently pull system of secondary education to the requirements and standards of our universities and to revive the system of training in colleges and technical colleges. Additional school year in Ukraine will not be practical sense, this is a strategic mistake, and perhaps even sabotage. I hope that someone will cancel the reform.
Maxim Blagonravin
Waste - in income
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100-watt incandescent lamps in Europe outlawed. But the Ukrainian producers to prepare for this in advance …
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Pernicious dvenadtsatiletka
next leap year will bring the hard tests Ukrainian institutions and the armed forces …
next leap year will bring the hard tests Ukrainian institutions and the armed forces. Higher education will be left without the freshmen, and the army - without soldiers. For what it's all - is unknown.
The Ministry is doing all it can to new books lay on the desk every ninth-, - said in mid-August, the Deputy Minister of Education and Science of Ukraine Pavlo Polyansky.
According to him, this year the situation with the provision of school books, actually better than in the past. In addition, the first paragraphs of all the manuals are available on the official website of the Ministry of Education and Science (MES) and in professional education journals. Thus, schools can begin training even if the printer does not have time to print textbooks for the first of September.
tense situation arises with the printing of textbooks every year. Last but not least is associated with transition to a twelve-year secondary education: today's tenth receive eleven-year education, and ninth-learning is already on a new, twelve-year program, so last year's textbooks they do not fit. In 2008, the Ministry had barely time to the beginning of the school year to provide textbooks for the eighth grade, even a year earlier - for the seventh. But the difficulty with textbooks - only the upper part of the iceberg of problems that arise in the education system and society in 2012.
in 2010 students enrolled on a twelve-year program, go to the tenth grade. Since then, the transition to dvenadtsatiletku will be impossible to cancel without significant damage to the school curriculum. Remains in power less than a year in order to re-examine the feasibility of reform.
Ten or twelve
Jump to twelve-year secondary education system decided nine years ago - along with the transition to dvenadtsatiballnuyu rating system of knowledge. But if the twelve scores instead of the five have become accustomed, the discussion regarding the advisability of a twelve-year secondary education in the Ukrainian society continues. Supporters dvenadtsatiletki refer to the European experience and argue that Ukrainian children in schools are overloaded. For ten years they have received the same amount of knowledge, like their European peers to twelve, and in some countries - and for fourteen years. In addition, according to advocates of reform, seventeen graduates of schools is difficult to determine the future profession, and an additional year will give them the opportunity to become stronger on his feet, to feel more confident.
Opponents say that the majority of school teachers unprepared to teach adult uncles and aunts. Some fellow eighteen start a family. At this age, they are embarrassed to walk with a knapsack to school and sit at a desk. I can understand them, - says the chairman of the parliamentary Committee on National Security and Defense Anatoliy Gritsenko. He cites the example of high school, which school to graduation time to acquire a second child. Of course, the education system needs reform: to introduce new teaching methods and advanced technology in schools that meet modern requirements, and not to introduce twelve-year secondary education, - convinced Gritsenko.
Restore ten-year period of study in high school Viktor Yushchenko promised in his election program Ten Steps for the People, but after the election of forgot about it.
The Ministry of Education and Science, result in another argument for the transition: an additional class will allow the secondary education system to minimize the consequences of demographic hole because the work will add to teachers who find themselves unemployed.
fact is that in the late 80's the birth rate in Ukraine has started to decrease rapidly and the number of first-graders, beginning in 1995, is also declining. If in 1996 there were seven million students (hereinafter - Goskomstat), in the last academic year there were only 4,5 million. Every year in Ukrainian schools account for about 350-380 thousand first-graders - this is two times less than 14 years ago. If at the time of the ninth grade to tenth transferred about half of the pupils, and those who are poorly studied, was expelled, but now the teachers often ask children to stay for another two years. Currently, only a quarter of pupils leaving school without having completed secondary education.
detailed study of the demographic situation suggests untimeliness of this reform and the economy. Until recently, the annual representatives of pensioners grew's small generation born during the Second World War. But seven years ago to retire began to leave the women to be born after 1947, but with the year before - and men of the postwar generation. This means that the load on the pension fund each year will rapidly increase. In 2012, nearly 700 thousand inhabitants of the country to retire. A youth, who could replace them, would wipe his pants in the twelfth grade.
Universities without students
Saving
secondary education on population issues, the Ministry does not know what to do with higher education, for which the demographic gap is widening. If this year's graduates odinnadtsatiletku 400 thousand students (about 72% of the total number of first-graders who began teaching in 1998), the 2015-th the average number of graduates will not exceed 270 thousand people.
But most painful for institutions will be in 2012. Mass production in the schools will not, universities will have to rely on a few vocational schools and schools working on pilot programs, as well as those who will come on the second or third year. It is expected that in this way be typed about 50 thousand graduates.
interviewed by the expert leaders of the universities could not explain what would make their schools in such circumstances. Some presidents looked forward to the abolition of the twelve-year education, others - rely on the assistance of the Ministry. We think the State knows what to do. Set is because the years 2010-2012 demographic gap greatly enhance, - said Vice-Rector of Donetsk National University, Alexander Maznev.
most prestigious universities and academies are confident that no students will not go. I think we type freshmen without any problems. But for many institutions it will be a heavy blow - convinced the president of the National University Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (NaUKMA) Sergey quits.
A powerful shock to the university can become a possible reform of the army. Now much of the boys trying to enter college in order to get a deferment from military service, or even avoid conscription. Go to dvenadtsatiletku if the reason logically, should make haste to reform the army. After all, if in the next two years, the Armed Forces of Ukraine will not become professional, then in 2012 they will be left without soldiers, as potential recruits will learn in the twelfth grade.
Employees
MON talk about possible reductions in higher education institutions in the third. Given that in our country's 881 high school, this measure seems justified. According to Sergei Quito, the number of schools can be reduced even more, but the main goal - not just the reduction and the creation of internationally competitive universities that are present in world university rankings.
is sufficient for 30 universities (we now have 353 university with the third and fourth level of accreditation), in which the training should be just as prestigious, as in similar western structures, says quits. It is imperative that students and teachers were active in scientific activities, then universities will have significant scientific achievements. Such institutions in Ukraine can not be too much, - says President NaUKMA. Thus the reform of higher education should not be a formality, as happened with many other reforms in education.
tests failed
One of these reforms - independent testing of graduates. Instead examinations graduates must pass the tests and their results are credited (or not recorded) in the institutions. This year, the universities even prohibited conduct independent examinations, except those that require special skills, such as the ability to draw for architects and designers. On the whole testing system is working properly: leaks of information about the content of the tests was not, most of the questions drawn up correctly and to determine the level of knowledge of students. That's just not reached the main task of introducing the tests - the eradication of corruption in entering colleges. For freshmen this year were not best students, and often phony invalids and orphans. Facilities when entering universities also benefit victims of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident, children killed policemen, soldiers and miners, as well as rural youth.
wide publicity received history Vinnichanka Natalia Ermakova, which two subjects received a sum of 394 points out of 400 possible and was unable to go to Kiev National University (KNU) im. Taras Shevchenko, where all the budget places on the specialty philology occupied recipients. According to the KNU vice-rector Vladimir Bugrova, the university this year received 2,5 thousand of budget, one third of which - recipients. In some specialties the number of applicants applying for non-competitive admission exceeds the number of seats: 28 beneficiaries claimed 15 budget places on specialty tourism, 40 non-competitive applications were filed for 25 seats of state orders for specialty business economics.
Ermakova able to go to Kiev-Mohyla Academy. When this year's press conference, I warned that all information about benefits will check the SBU, half of the beneficiaries took away documents, - says Sergey quits. Cancel benefit the ministry can not: be a decision of parliament and government. Insists on maintaining thebenefits the country's president Viktor Yushchenko. Access to higher education for children from large families, orphans, the disabled - is properly and fairly, - convinced the president.
loopholes for corruption remained and within universities. One of them is connected with the refusal of entrants from entering due to the fact that they enrolled in another university (applicants can apply at several universities). Institutions to rank applicants based on the results of testing and enrolled those who fell in the upper part of this rating. If one of them fails, the institution can enroll at any of the bottom of the rankings. A number of such failures in many high schools exceeded half the number of budget places.
Another negative aspect of testing the organization noted lecturer Vinnytsia physico-mathematical school № 17 Yury Pasihov: Children six months before the test abandoned his studies and began to prepare for tests. You may need to conduct tests at a later time, or adjust the curriculum.
Many questions surround the quality of the test. For example, one of the test questions on the history of Ukraine was: What is the basis of economic development of Kievan Rus'? The correct answer was given only eight percent of graduates. But not because the students poorly studied, but because it contained the drafters of the test response is incorrect: in their view, our ancestors had specialized in agriculture and steel.
Indeed, the inhabitants of Kievan Rus manufactured iron objects. That's only possible to smelt iron in those days called metallurgy? Dictionary gives two definitions of the word metals: industrial production of metals and the science of the industrial production of metals. Obviously, a thousand years ago the industry did not exist, as well as relevant scientific discipline.
Meanwhile, the introduction of testing, despite the shortcomings - a significant step in reforming education. But its initiator, the Ministry of Education and Science, by introducing and debugging testing procedure seems to have forgotten the main thing. For the purpose of testing - to provide an opportunity to receive higher education the most talented children.
With the transition to twelve-year education system develops a similar picture. No one remembers, for any purpose, nine years ago decided to move. No one seriously attempts to calculate what the consequences for high school, army, economy and society will lead. And the main thing - go to dvenadtsatiletku does not answer the question of what the system aims to be at our education in general.
Excellence - Grants
Oleg Sharov, Vice-Chancellor of the University CRIC:
- I sincerely want to go to twelve-year secondary education was not a formality, and qualitatively improve the system of secondary education. But no one is no answer to such questions: whether the graduates have a wide range of knowledge, whether they will be better prepared for learning in high school or work? There is a misunderstanding of his father, why should the children to school, one additional year. The lack of graduates in 2012 will be a serious challenge for Ukrainian universities, including for our university.
In my opinion, this year's testing system worked better than in the past. In the first place because all parties involved in the testing of teachers know their roles and are well represented, what they should do.
Our system of financing higher education is extremely outdated and in need of reform. I welcome the scheme, when a citizen of test results received a grant or soft loan from the state and can only spend it on financing their education.
Testing is no alternative
Eugene Medresh, director of the school Home (Kharkov):
- testing as a technology test students' knowledge there is no alternative. Final examinations in schools and the admission in institutions is high time it was abolished. In my opinion, the testing center must be independent even from the Ministry of Education and Science and report directly to the Cabinet of Ministers. This would allow the results of tests to judge the effectiveness of the education system and contribute to the development of the system itself.
introduction of standardized independent testing - a movement in the right direction. The most important thing that has stood the test of time logistics of testing: there was no leakage variants of the test tasks and responses to them, as well as special instructors for selected applicants. Yes, and conditions for students, the attitude towards them in the testing process should be more respectful. And then we, as usual, a way of discrediting the very idea.
But the most dangerous for the system of testing - if it will make all-out, ignoring the realities and needs of schools, universities and society. System testing can be equally as effective tool for the modernization of education, and a stone on his neck.
Impact on Higher Education
Igor Mendzebrovsky, director of the company ITera Consulting Group Ukraine, Vice-President of Association of IT-Ukraine to work with universities:
- now institutions train specialists for the software industry, taking into account market demands and being with us in constant contact. And we see and understand what is happening in universities and the consequences of this reform. In 2012, universities will not come with new students, there will be lessons, decrease the salary of teachers (it depends on the number of academic hours and on the number of students on contract). Because of this, many universities will not be able to retain staff, that some institutions be disastrous. I do not exclude that this will lead to the destruction of the higher education system.
additional year in school - the additional costs and direct losses to the economy of Ukraine. Some of the forty years of active work experience citizen falls one year, and this reduction of workers to 2,5%. I think this reform was initiated by people who are trying to impose the American system of secondary education, but she's worse than Ukrainian. Employees of the education system and schools, forced to implement this reform, do not understand what sense of it.
Instead of imposing
dvenadtsatiletki to consistently pull system of secondary education to the requirements and standards of our universities and to revive the system of training in colleges and technical colleges. Additional school year in Ukraine will not be practical sense, this is a strategic mistake, and perhaps even sabotage. I hope that someone will cancel the reform.
Maxim Blagonravin
Waste - in income
How to get rich in a crisis? Get rid of rubbish or, conversely, to breathe new life into old things …
Increase from 1 October the rates of excise duty on tobacco products will double the share of illegal market
Incorrigible Code
Loss of the world economy from the struggle with the crisis amounted to almost 11 trillion dollars
Not nakolesh
100-watt incandescent lamps in Europe outlawed. But the Ukrainian producers to prepare for this in advance …
Umansky: The government forecasts GDP growth in 2010 in the amount of 3,7%
Internet perezhdet generation
World Bank in 2010-2013 Georgia will allocate $ 900 million
Pyramid Madoff Sectional
All supporting documents, all transactions, in general all - it was a fake …