in crisis collectors able toreturn an average of 20% debt. Even with such effectiveness in their full orders from the banks.
If
for most industries crisis was bat, then the companies collecting debts - a chance. The number of collectors is growing rapidly. According to different estimates, in this business in Ukraine is between 70 and 200 companies. In late May, on entering the Ukrainian market said the Russian group of companies FASP, followed by you to us may be another Russian debt agency - arms. Interested in our market and western collectors. Thus, even at the end of last year opened an office in Kiev, the French company Coface, thinking about it and the German EOS, which in 2007 worked in Russia.
Ukraine is interesting for many foreign investors: the market is big, a lot of debt, - said General Director of Credit Collection Group (CCG) Grzegorz Kompaniazh. In the next two years Collection market is expected to grow by at least 30%, and such an increase will stimulate the creation of new companies.
demand service
collectors orders growth in non-secured loans. According to the NBU, in the early years of problem loans amounted to 18.01 billion hryvnia, and by June it had risen to 36.49 billion hryvnia. According to unofficial data, the arrears of natural persons only now reached 60 billion hryvnia (about 30% of the total retail loan portfolio). And more of those non-banks that are actively engaged in precisely the retail lending.
Before the crisis, with reservoirs worked about 25 banks, and now - more than 40. Most large and medium finuchrezhdeny can not on its own to cope with the non-preferred and some overdue debts to outsourcing. Banks are starting to realize that they can not do without us - asserts the Director of the European Agency for the return of Alexander Ilchuk debts. According to the data collectors, banks, transfer them to the management of not more than eight to ten per cent of its loans (primarily those that were issued to the public). While corporate debt, they have also begin to share. Before the crisis, outsourcing is given only for non-small consumer loans, debt collectors is now handed and portfolios with the debts that are secured by collateral. Green light for such cooperation has given a moratorium on the removal of security of apartments, which are home borrowers.
Previously, the bank could achieve self-dispossession borrower. And now to convince the owner to sell the property or more payments under the force of the reservoir than the bank, - said the general director of consulting company Sidkon Yuri Kogut. This belief is shared by no means all finuchrezhdeniya. According to the Head of the monitoring and collection of loans OTP Bank Sergei Bondarev, mortgage loans on the effectiveness of third-party collectors than their own bank's service, and value - higher. But Grzegorz Kompaniazh of CCG assures that collectors do not select an apartment, because that law has only a public service executive.
reservoir companies seeking the best success in lobbying for the debts due to mature technology and many people who work with debtors. If the bank of the matter is only one department, then the debt collectors involved a system that allows for a short time to reach the large number of debtors. For example, a special technology allows you to reach hundreds of telephone calls (phone-machine several times a day reminds people about the debt).
Collectors also predict the intensification of work with debts on credit cards and loans in the segment of small and medium-sized businesses.
Gray and White
According to the President of European Federation of National Associations of collection (FENCA) Cornel Tingueli, to engage in debt collection business in the EU need a special permit or certificate. In some states even have special tests for collectors: they must have extensive knowledge of law and prove that it is not involved in the fraud. In Ukraine, such activities are not licensed, this issue is now only being discussed. On the domestic market, there are two types of collection: white and gray, different ways to return the debts. Gray may resort to illegal methods of exposure, and white must adhere to a code of ethics. For example, they have no right to call the customer after eleven pm, not to mention the fact that the weapon to threaten him (and recently a representative of a regional collection agencies granted a visit to the debtor, accompanied by two men armed with assault rifles). Our main task - no racket, and counseling the debtor, - says Alexander Ilchuk. - If the collector gross and exerts pressure, it is illegal for the company.
However, the nerves of debtors are not always kept, and communication with white collectors. For example, in Mariupol the man after the visit of the debt collector tried to commit an act of self-immolation, although it is hung the duty of all to three thousand hryvnia (for that amount, he took credit for two mobile phone).
Collectors
justified: the debtor a lot of poor people. Some of them are not better reservoir bouncer. For example, an employee of a company, once again calling the debtor to the mobile operator, in response, heard the threats. A few minutes later, grief-client tearing in the office of the company car valued at more than 150 thousand dollars and threatened with jail assembler debts if he did not stop him nazvanivat. But the kicker in a week on the advice of his lawyer did pay two and a half thousand hryvnia.
It is estimated
Association Collection of Ukraine, the shadow sector occupies nearly half the market. Approximately 80-90% of the official market of collection services to control large companies (CCG, service performance, the European Agency for the debt recovery, Verdict, Ukrborg, Ukrayinska collection group). Most banks prefer to just big players. The large reservoir of not resorting to cheap tactics impact on debtors. They are usually enough to act within the ethics and law. A small players in order to minimize costs often resort to non-working methods, - said Yuri Kogut. According to Sergey Bondarev, the main criterion for choosing the company is effective. Consideration is also given to its methods, scope of work with the late stages, geographical representation, and pricing policy.
How to recognize the gray of the company, bankers know. They can be seen at once. Here comes a company representative, is a form contract, drawn up on one sheet, and said: Give us a client, and we will work with him. This trifling company a maximum of three people. So we'll deny, - says head of risk management of bank ДіÐ°Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ñ‚ Dmitry Vasilik. However, experts believe that banks in the regions not brezguyut cooperation with the gray collectors: say, they have no case before the methods of how to use debt collectors. The main thing is that the customer has returned the money. And because the gray kollektorstvom often former police officers, and representatives of security services (which are able to handle people), it is often these debt collectors are more efficient.
The older, so bad
growth of the debt problem in the banks led to the reservoir last fall with the company an opportunity to buy portfolios of problem loans with a high discount (90%). And redeem only bezzalogovuyu problemku - secured loans, no one sells. For the redemption of debt requires a lot of money. Therefore, the first question, which asked the bank: whether the collection company to pay money for a second day after signing the contract, - said Grzegorz Kompaniazh. Today the portfolio of debt redeem only four major collection agencies: CCG, European Agency for the debts, Ultima, Verdict. The number of collection companies that can pay off the debts on the rise. This is due to the drop in the price of sold portfolios, - said Sergey Bondarev.
Most collectors have continued to work with banks for the fees (amounting to 10-50% depending on the quality of the portfolio), which are paid into the collection of debts. Clearly, any collection agencies prefer to work with fresh debts, two-month period. In this case, the effectiveness of return of 67-85%, while banks tend to favor the work of collectors the most problematic debts. According to the director of the Avesta-Ukraine Sergey relics, 99% transmitted debt collectors over the year. Many banks in dealing with debtors treated by their own specialist units. In their view, it allows a more accurate monitor the situation of each debtor to prevent collusion and non-payers and collectors. The latter scheme is quite popular in the marketplace Collection. Its essence is simple: the mediator at your own risk decides who to extrude it, and whom to leave alone for adequate remuneration. That is, in the case of collusion makes the collector, while the Bank does not receive '- explains Yuri Kogut.
Collectors
return only about 12% year-three-year debt, because during this time, many borrowers are able to change your phone number, place of residence and even the name. In addition, statistics said that 15-20% of borrowers take loans, they are not going to return. But, as a rule, most collectors simply trust overestimated their financial capabilities. How, for example, киевлÑнин, bought on credit car BMW for 70 thousand dollars. Half a year, he regularly paid on the loan, and then stopped at a bank and was replaced by a mobile phone number. Ultimately, though, returned the car in the showroom, so plainly and did not train on it: save on gasoline.
crisis in the efficiency of the collectors has decreased because of diminished capacity to pay times the population. If the pre-crisis time, collectors have been able to recover to an average of 50-70% debt, which they passed, but today they are working with the productivity of the 10-25%.
About 80% of the debts on loans to banks and collectors able to return to the pre-trial order, and only a fifth of the cases reach court. In most cases, banks and other lenders unprofitable sue the borrower. For example, litigation utilities with non-payers can stretch for years, as is usually between ZhEKami and the tenants do not have a contractual relationship. Do banks do not have this problem, but there is another - in Ukraine is almost impossible otsudit collateral apartment, in which the debtor has managed to register the children. So the creditors filed with the court in the most extreme cases: when the delay exceeds a year, though, and categorically refused to pay.
Uncertain antidote
Collectors are advised
affected by the unethical behavior of their colleagues to go to the police. However, many borrowers prefer to resentful to antikollektorskim services (they provide the legal company). Sometimes the reservoir companies, especially smaller ones, so to intimidate customers, which are forced to turn to the legal profession. It is clear that antikollektory for their services take money. But they do explain to people how to behave in case of a collector of their powers, - explains the general Director of КредитСвіÑ‚ Love Slobodenyuk.
However, antikollektory not save the bank from paying the debt. They will help, say, a few hundred hryvnia make the bank a letter. But the bank will put the letter in the box and it will send the debtor to court, - warned Grzegorz Kompaniazh. According to him, in Poland a few years ago appeared antikollektorskaya company name which was consonant with the name of the country's largest bank PKO. Borrowers thought that it created abank to restructure loans. In the end, the debts of customers of this structure only increased. Deceived borrowers turned to the law enforcement agencies, and leaders antikollektorskoy the company was prosecuted.
Now all
reservoir companies to operate with larger agencies can work simultaneously with several banks or insurance companies. According to Yuri Kogut, small firms would be difficult to find customers, since the issuance of consumer loans sharply reduced. In large companies, with an increase in the volume of the profitability decline: the contents of a large staff and a regional network requires a considerable expenditure, and the percentage return to the crisis fell. Our business is more profitable in vnekrizisnoe time when people have incomes, when the non-payment is not due to general economic situation and human forgetfulness, his legal illiteracy, - Alexander recognized Ilchuk.
But with less profitability collection business will flourish, because banks, insurance companies, mobile operators, with direct sales companies, as well as ZhEKi are willing to cooperate with the debt collectors. Collectors predict that by the end of the year overdue bank debt of natural persons will reach 35% of the total retail loan portfolio.
According to some experts, in the coming years will be re-market to foreign companies, which have Western standards. Small gray firms leave the market, while medium and large domestic companies are likely to be consolidated. A similar situation occurred several years ago in Poland. Today there six or seven large companies, which hold about 95% of the market for collection services.
Moratoria dangerous
Natalia delay:
At a press conference of foreign journalists asked the heads of mission of the International Monetary Fund in Ukraine Dzheyly Pazarbazioglu what level will be non-lethal to domestic banks. The question sounded something like: Is it, according to stress-test, 30% of problem loans do not mean collapse of the system? From the response Pazarbazioglu diplomatically avoided. They say, the critical point, Ukrainian banks have not yet picked up, and in general the most important - their time dokapitalizirovat. Local financial experts are not so cautious in the estimates. For example, Ukrainian Credit-bank Union recently announced that bad debts have reached a critical level of six percent. And some bankers called the tolerance level of 15-20% non-return. According to reports one of the IMF, the share of problem loans in Ukraine in March has reached 24% of the portfolio, which is significantly larger than officially announced the National Bank.
In fact, single answer to the question, what level of delay is capable of withstanding the banking system, no. Each fininstituta a margin of safety. Even the most technologically advanced foreign subsidiaries in the first quarter of the non exceeded 10%, but these banks alive, and die not collected. The fact that the financial system is able to resist in any capacity assets, proves an example of the United States, where the proportion of bad debts зашкаливает.
Everything depends on the policy of the state. It can not interfere and expect that the market is empty of weak banks and problem loans through the collection and factoring companies, as well as the mechanism for write-offs. If you have a developed system of transfer of assets and clear of bankruptcy legislation natural persons, and such tactics can be justified. The State can also issue credits to accumulate in the so-called bad bank, or funds to toxic assets. In the world of this option is popular because it allows to compensate for budgetary expenditures from the funds of private investors (many of the investment, hedge funds, as well as the International Finance Corporation is willing to invest in problem loans). Finally, you can encourage banks to restructure debts and unite with one another to provide subsidies to borrowers who lost their jobs.
With all the variety of solutions Ukraine chose the most bizarre form. Less than nine months after the onset of the crisis as MPs provided a simplified restructuring imposed a moratorium on the disposition of collateral apartments and banned foreign currency lending. Many of the people's elected representatives have already successfully sold their banks to foreigners, the rest - finuchrezhdeniya pocket, not particularly involved in mortgage lending. Only in this way can be attributed to the adoption of a moratorium on the eviction of non-payers living in the secured housing. Norma, of course, social, and very noble. Only as a distinguished family, that there is nowhere to live, from the speculator, are calculated so as not to repay bank debt?
outstanding loans difficult to return the deposits, but barely stabilize the financial system again begins fever. In doing so, personally I do not know the people who are on the streets, selling collateral apartment. Зато знаю, что многих моих знакомых желание казатьÑÑ, а не быть, подвигло взÑÑ‚ÑŒ в кредит проÑто неприличные как Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ñного планктона Ñуммы. ПоÑтому иÑкренне недоумеваю: зачем риÑковать оÑтавшимиÑÑ Ð² банках ÑбережениÑми из-за чьей-то неÑпоÑобноÑти трезво оценивать Ñвои возможноÑти? Лучше поощрить доброÑовеÑтные раÑчеты. Подвижкой в Ñтом направлении Ñтали валютные аукционы Ðационального банка (в том чиÑле Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ñрочного Ð¿Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑуд в пределах 50 Ñ‚Ñ‹Ñ. долларов). Свою роль могут Ñыграть и Ñпециальные Ñтавки Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ñ‰Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð², иÑправно вноÑÑщих платежи, а также бонуÑÑ‹ за выплату ранее Ñрока (пока их внедрили только некоторые Ñ„Ð¸Ð½ÑƒÑ‡Ñ€ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ админиÑтрацией).
Таким образом, еÑли во главу угла будет поÑтавлена необходимоÑÑ‚ÑŒ выполнÑÑ‚ÑŒ Ñвои обÑзательÑтва (как банками, так и их клиентами), проблема проÑроченных долгов будет решена. При ином подходе какое-то количеÑтво мораториев может Ñтать Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð½ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñкой ÑиÑтемы попроÑту неподъемным.
Инна ÐлекÑеенко
In the best performing today, the paper MMC Norilsk Nickel, added 5.7%
Quotations euros to the dollar returned to its week-long rising trend
Veropharm will not pay dividends on the results of 2008
Stock investors prefer Nokia
Asian stock markets rebound develops upwards after reaching at least the past seven weeks
The IMF gave Latvia the new harsh conditions for loans
Strengthening of the ruble led to a sizeable reduction in imputed returns NDF
Yesterday, the major U.S. indices showed a moderate positive closure
European stock markets closed, the increase on Tuesday
The battle over debt
in crisis collectors able toreturn an average of 20% debt. Even with such effectiveness in their full orders from the banks.
If
for most industries crisis was bat, then the companies collecting debts - a chance. The number of collectors is growing rapidly. According to different estimates, in this business in Ukraine is between 70 and 200 companies. In late May, on entering the Ukrainian market said the Russian group of companies FASP, followed by you to us may be another Russian debt agency - arms. Interested in our market and western collectors. Thus, even at the end of last year opened an office in Kiev, the French company Coface, thinking about it and the German EOS, which in 2007 worked in Russia.
Ukraine is interesting for many foreign investors: the market is big, a lot of debt, - said General Director of Credit Collection Group (CCG) Grzegorz Kompaniazh. In the next two years Collection market is expected to grow by at least 30%, and such an increase will stimulate the creation of new companies.
demand service
collectors orders growth in non-secured loans. According to the NBU, in the early years of problem loans amounted to 18.01 billion hryvnia, and by June it had risen to 36.49 billion hryvnia. According to unofficial data, the arrears of natural persons only now reached 60 billion hryvnia (about 30% of the total retail loan portfolio). And more of those non-banks that are actively engaged in precisely the retail lending.
Before the crisis, with reservoirs worked about 25 banks, and now - more than 40. Most large and medium finuchrezhdeny can not on its own to cope with the non-preferred and some overdue debts to outsourcing. Banks are starting to realize that they can not do without us - asserts the Director of the European Agency for the return of Alexander Ilchuk debts. According to the data collectors, banks, transfer them to the management of not more than eight to ten per cent of its loans (primarily those that were issued to the public). While corporate debt, they have also begin to share. Before the crisis, outsourcing is given only for non-small consumer loans, debt collectors is now handed and portfolios with the debts that are secured by collateral. Green light for such cooperation has given a moratorium on the removal of security of apartments, which are home borrowers.
Previously, the bank could achieve self-dispossession borrower. And now to convince the owner to sell the property or more payments under the force of the reservoir than the bank, - said the general director of consulting company Sidkon Yuri Kogut. This belief is shared by no means all finuchrezhdeniya. According to the Head of the monitoring and collection of loans OTP Bank Sergei Bondarev, mortgage loans on the effectiveness of third-party collectors than their own bank's service, and value - higher. But Grzegorz Kompaniazh of CCG assures that collectors do not select an apartment, because that law has only a public service executive.
reservoir companies seeking the best success in lobbying for the debts due to mature technology and many people who work with debtors. If the bank of the matter is only one department, then the debt collectors involved a system that allows for a short time to reach the large number of debtors. For example, a special technology allows you to reach hundreds of telephone calls (phone-machine several times a day reminds people about the debt).
Collectors also predict the intensification of work with debts on credit cards and loans in the segment of small and medium-sized businesses.
Gray and White
According to the President of European Federation of National Associations of collection (FENCA) Cornel Tingueli, to engage in debt collection business in the EU need a special permit or certificate. In some states even have special tests for collectors: they must have extensive knowledge of law and prove that it is not involved in the fraud. In Ukraine, such activities are not licensed, this issue is now only being discussed. On the domestic market, there are two types of collection: white and gray, different ways to return the debts. Gray may resort to illegal methods of exposure, and white must adhere to a code of ethics. For example, they have no right to call the customer after eleven pm, not to mention the fact that the weapon to threaten him (and recently a representative of a regional collection agencies granted a visit to the debtor, accompanied by two men armed with assault rifles). Our main task - no racket, and counseling the debtor, - says Alexander Ilchuk. - If the collector gross and exerts pressure, it is illegal for the company.
However, the nerves of debtors are not always kept, and communication with white collectors. For example, in Mariupol the man after the visit of the debt collector tried to commit an act of self-immolation, although it is hung the duty of all to three thousand hryvnia (for that amount, he took credit for two mobile phone).
Collectors
justified: the debtor a lot of poor people. Some of them are not better reservoir bouncer. For example, an employee of a company, once again calling the debtor to the mobile operator, in response, heard the threats. A few minutes later, grief-client tearing in the office of the company car valued at more than 150 thousand dollars and threatened with jail assembler debts if he did not stop him nazvanivat. But the kicker in a week on the advice of his lawyer did pay two and a half thousand hryvnia.
It is estimated
Association Collection of Ukraine, the shadow sector occupies nearly half the market. Approximately 80-90% of the official market of collection services to control large companies (CCG, service performance, the European Agency for the debt recovery, Verdict, Ukrborg, Ukrayinska collection group). Most banks prefer to just big players. The large reservoir of not resorting to cheap tactics impact on debtors. They are usually enough to act within the ethics and law. A small players in order to minimize costs often resort to non-working methods, - said Yuri Kogut. According to Sergey Bondarev, the main criterion for choosing the company is effective. Consideration is also given to its methods, scope of work with the late stages, geographical representation, and pricing policy.
How to recognize the gray of the company, bankers know. They can be seen at once. Here comes a company representative, is a form contract, drawn up on one sheet, and said: Give us a client, and we will work with him. This trifling company a maximum of three people. So we'll deny, - says head of risk management of bank ДіÐ°Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ñ‚ Dmitry Vasilik. However, experts believe that banks in the regions not brezguyut cooperation with the gray collectors: say, they have no case before the methods of how to use debt collectors. The main thing is that the customer has returned the money. And because the gray kollektorstvom often former police officers, and representatives of security services (which are able to handle people), it is often these debt collectors are more efficient.
The older, so bad
growth of the debt problem in the banks led to the reservoir last fall with the company an opportunity to buy portfolios of problem loans with a high discount (90%). And redeem only bezzalogovuyu problemku - secured loans, no one sells. For the redemption of debt requires a lot of money. Therefore, the first question, which asked the bank: whether the collection company to pay money for a second day after signing the contract, - said Grzegorz Kompaniazh. Today the portfolio of debt redeem only four major collection agencies: CCG, European Agency for the debts, Ultima, Verdict. The number of collection companies that can pay off the debts on the rise. This is due to the drop in the price of sold portfolios, - said Sergey Bondarev.
Most collectors have continued to work with banks for the fees (amounting to 10-50% depending on the quality of the portfolio), which are paid into the collection of debts. Clearly, any collection agencies prefer to work with fresh debts, two-month period. In this case, the effectiveness of return of 67-85%, while banks tend to favor the work of collectors the most problematic debts. According to the director of the Avesta-Ukraine Sergey relics, 99% transmitted debt collectors over the year. Many banks in dealing with debtors treated by their own specialist units. In their view, it allows a more accurate monitor the situation of each debtor to prevent collusion and non-payers and collectors. The latter scheme is quite popular in the marketplace Collection. Its essence is simple: the mediator at your own risk decides who to extrude it, and whom to leave alone for adequate remuneration. That is, in the case of collusion makes the collector, while the Bank does not receive '- explains Yuri Kogut.
Collectors
return only about 12% year-three-year debt, because during this time, many borrowers are able to change your phone number, place of residence and even the name. In addition, statistics said that 15-20% of borrowers take loans, they are not going to return. But, as a rule, most collectors simply trust overestimated their financial capabilities. How, for example, киевлÑнин, bought on credit car BMW for 70 thousand dollars. Half a year, he regularly paid on the loan, and then stopped at a bank and was replaced by a mobile phone number. Ultimately, though, returned the car in the showroom, so plainly and did not train on it: save on gasoline.
crisis in the efficiency of the collectors has decreased because of diminished capacity to pay times the population. If the pre-crisis time, collectors have been able to recover to an average of 50-70% debt, which they passed, but today they are working with the productivity of the 10-25%.
About 80% of the debts on loans to banks and collectors able to return to the pre-trial order, and only a fifth of the cases reach court. In most cases, banks and other lenders unprofitable sue the borrower. For example, litigation utilities with non-payers can stretch for years, as is usually between ZhEKami and the tenants do not have a contractual relationship. Do banks do not have this problem, but there is another - in Ukraine is almost impossible otsudit collateral apartment, in which the debtor has managed to register the children. So the creditors filed with the court in the most extreme cases: when the delay exceeds a year, though, and categorically refused to pay.
Uncertain antidote
Collectors are advised
affected by the unethical behavior of their colleagues to go to the police. However, many borrowers prefer to resentful to antikollektorskim services (they provide the legal company). Sometimes the reservoir companies, especially smaller ones, so to intimidate customers, which are forced to turn to the legal profession. It is clear that antikollektory for their services take money. But they do explain to people how to behave in case of a collector of their powers, - explains the general Director of КредитСвіÑ‚ Love Slobodenyuk.
However, antikollektory not save the bank from paying the debt. They will help, say, a few hundred hryvnia make the bank a letter. But the bank will put the letter in the box and it will send the debtor to court, - warned Grzegorz Kompaniazh. According to him, in Poland a few years ago appeared antikollektorskaya company name which was consonant with the name of the country's largest bank PKO. Borrowers thought that it created abank to restructure loans. In the end, the debts of customers of this structure only increased. Deceived borrowers turned to the law enforcement agencies, and leaders antikollektorskoy the company was prosecuted.
Now all
reservoir companies to operate with larger agencies can work simultaneously with several banks or insurance companies. According to Yuri Kogut, small firms would be difficult to find customers, since the issuance of consumer loans sharply reduced. In large companies, with an increase in the volume of the profitability decline: the contents of a large staff and a regional network requires a considerable expenditure, and the percentage return to the crisis fell. Our business is more profitable in vnekrizisnoe time when people have incomes, when the non-payment is not due to general economic situation and human forgetfulness, his legal illiteracy, - Alexander recognized Ilchuk.
But with less profitability collection business will flourish, because banks, insurance companies, mobile operators, with direct sales companies, as well as ZhEKi are willing to cooperate with the debt collectors. Collectors predict that by the end of the year overdue bank debt of natural persons will reach 35% of the total retail loan portfolio.
According to some experts, in the coming years will be re-market to foreign companies, which have Western standards. Small gray firms leave the market, while medium and large domestic companies are likely to be consolidated. A similar situation occurred several years ago in Poland. Today there six or seven large companies, which hold about 95% of the market for collection services.
Moratoria dangerous
Natalia delay:
At a press conference of foreign journalists asked the heads of mission of the International Monetary Fund in Ukraine Dzheyly Pazarbazioglu what level will be non-lethal to domestic banks. The question sounded something like: Is it, according to stress-test, 30% of problem loans do not mean collapse of the system? From the response Pazarbazioglu diplomatically avoided. They say, the critical point, Ukrainian banks have not yet picked up, and in general the most important - their time dokapitalizirovat. Local financial experts are not so cautious in the estimates. For example, Ukrainian Credit-bank Union recently announced that bad debts have reached a critical level of six percent. And some bankers called the tolerance level of 15-20% non-return. According to reports one of the IMF, the share of problem loans in Ukraine in March has reached 24% of the portfolio, which is significantly larger than officially announced the National Bank.
In fact, single answer to the question, what level of delay is capable of withstanding the banking system, no. Each fininstituta a margin of safety. Even the most technologically advanced foreign subsidiaries in the first quarter of the non exceeded 10%, but these banks alive, and die not collected. The fact that the financial system is able to resist in any capacity assets, proves an example of the United States, where the proportion of bad debts зашкаливает.
Everything depends on the policy of the state. It can not interfere and expect that the market is empty of weak banks and problem loans through the collection and factoring companies, as well as the mechanism for write-offs. If you have a developed system of transfer of assets and clear of bankruptcy legislation natural persons, and such tactics can be justified. The State can also issue credits to accumulate in the so-called bad bank, or funds to toxic assets. In the world of this option is popular because it allows to compensate for budgetary expenditures from the funds of private investors (many of the investment, hedge funds, as well as the International Finance Corporation is willing to invest in problem loans). Finally, you can encourage banks to restructure debts and unite with one another to provide subsidies to borrowers who lost their jobs.
With all the variety of solutions Ukraine chose the most bizarre form. Less than nine months after the onset of the crisis as MPs provided a simplified restructuring imposed a moratorium on the disposition of collateral apartments and banned foreign currency lending. Many of the people's elected representatives have already successfully sold their banks to foreigners, the rest - finuchrezhdeniya pocket, not particularly involved in mortgage lending. Only in this way can be attributed to the adoption of a moratorium on the eviction of non-payers living in the secured housing. Norma, of course, social, and very noble. Only as a distinguished family, that there is nowhere to live, from the speculator, are calculated so as not to repay bank debt?
outstanding loans difficult to return the deposits, but barely stabilize the financial system again begins fever. In doing so, personally I do not know the people who are on the streets, selling collateral apartment. Зато знаю, что многих моих знакомых желание казатьÑÑ, а не быть, подвигло взÑÑ‚ÑŒ в кредит проÑто неприличные как Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ñного планктона Ñуммы. ПоÑтому иÑкренне недоумеваю: зачем риÑковать оÑтавшимиÑÑ Ð² банках ÑбережениÑми из-за чьей-то неÑпоÑобноÑти трезво оценивать Ñвои возможноÑти? Лучше поощрить доброÑовеÑтные раÑчеты. Подвижкой в Ñтом направлении Ñтали валютные аукционы Ðационального банка (в том чиÑле Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ñрочного Ð¿Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑуд в пределах 50 Ñ‚Ñ‹Ñ. долларов). Свою роль могут Ñыграть и Ñпециальные Ñтавки Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ñ‰Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð², иÑправно вноÑÑщих платежи, а также бонуÑÑ‹ за выплату ранее Ñрока (пока их внедрили только некоторые Ñ„Ð¸Ð½ÑƒÑ‡Ñ€ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ админиÑтрацией).
Таким образом, еÑли во главу угла будет поÑтавлена необходимоÑÑ‚ÑŒ выполнÑÑ‚ÑŒ Ñвои обÑзательÑтва (как банками, так и их клиентами), проблема проÑроченных долгов будет решена. При ином подходе какое-то количеÑтво мораториев может Ñтать Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð½ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñкой ÑиÑтемы попроÑту неподъемным.
Инна ÐлекÑеенко
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